RESUMEN: En Sinaloa el cultivo de tomate es de gran importancia económica y recientemente se ha visto afectado por las enfermedades cancro bacteriano, peca bacteriana y mancha bacteriana causadas por Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), Pseudomonas syringae p.v. tomato (Pst) y Xanthomonas campestris p.v. vesicatoria (Xcv). Debido al alto riesgo fitosanitario que representan estas bacterias, se requiere de métodos de detección eficientes tanto en semilla como en plántulas de invernadero y de campo que permitan el manejo adecuado de la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la diversidad genética de Cmm, Pst y Xcv infectando al cultivo del tomate en Sinaloa. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se realizaron muestreos en las principales áreas productoras de tomate del Estado de Sinaloa, así como en aquellas donde se tenían antecedentes previos de enfermedades bacterianas.
ABSTRACT: Sinaloa, a northwestern state of Mexico, is one of the main producers and exporters of tomato. It is the most economically important specie for local fresh consumption, processing and exportation to other countries. Recently, symptoms associated to bacterial diseases as canker, bacterial spot and bacterial speak caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), Pseudomonas syringae p.v. tomato (Pst) and Xanthomonas campestris p.v. vesicatoria (Xcv) has been observed. Because these symptoms on the foliage of field tomato plants can vary in size, texture and color, they easily are confused with each other and with those formed by other tomato pathogens and abiotic disorders. Although culture-based methods still are widely used for diagnosis of this bacterial diseases, they are time consuming and do not provide the sensitivity and specificity of the nucleic acid-based methods. The main goal of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of Cmm, Pst and Xcv infecting tomato crops in Sinaloa. Samples were collected in the main tomato-producing areas of Sinaloa (Ahome, Guasave, Mocorito, Culiacan, Elota, Rosario and Mazatlan).
